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East Prussian Offensive
The East Prussian Offensive〔(ロシア語:Восточно-Прусская стратегическая наступательная операция)〕 was a strategic offensive by the Red Army against the German ''Wehrmacht'' on the Eastern Front (World War II). It lasted from 13 January to 25 April 1945, though some German units did not surrender until 9 May. The Battle of Königsberg was a major part of the offensive, which ended in victory for the Red Army.
The East Prussian Offensive is known to German historians as the ''Second'' East Prussian Offensive. The ''First'' East Prussian Offensive (also known as the Gumbinnen Operation), took place from 16–27 October 1944, and was carried out by the 3rd Belorussian Front under General I.D. Chernyakhovsky as part of the Memel Offensive〔(ロシア語:Мемельская операция))〕 of the 1st Baltic Front. The Soviet forces took heavy casualties while penetrating into east-northern part of Poland, and the offensive was postponed until greater reserves could be gathered.
==The East Prussian Offensive==
The main thrust of the offensive was to be conducted by the 3rd Belorussian Front under Ivan Chernyakhovsky. His forces were tasked with driving westwards towards Königsberg, against the defensive positions of the 3rd Panzer Army and 4th Army, the northern armies of General Georg-Hans Reinhardt's Army Group Centre.
From the north, on Chernyakhovsky's right flank, General Hovhannes Bagramyan's 1st Baltic Front would attack the positions of the 3rd Panzer Army on the Neman, as well as crushing its small bridgehead at Memel. Chernyakhovsky's left flank would be supported by the 2nd Belorussian Front of Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky, which was initially ordered to push north-west to the Vistula, through the lines of the 2nd Army, thereby sealing off the whole of East Prussia.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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